Kim Min-woo was the guilty man for South Korea as his foul forced the match officials to consult the video assistant referee and award the penalty midway through the second half.
Kim had come on from the bench as a substitute for defender Park Joo-ho, who was injured and stretchered off the pitch in the 28th minute.
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The match was attended by a total of 42,300 supporters, FIFA said via its official Twitter account on Monday.
The 45,000-seater Nizhny Novgorod Arena will host another three group-stage games, a round of 16 matches and a quarter-final.
The 2018 FIFA World Cup kicked off on June 14 and will continue until July 15, with the matches set to be played in 11 cities across Russia.