"This morning at dawn, police arrested two individuals in the Yvelines [a suburb in southwest Paris] aged 35 and 39, who were placed in custody," Cazeneuve said in a statement.
Investigators are working to establish the pair's role in the thwarted attacks, the minister added.
Ghlam is also believed to have attempted to join an extremist group in Syria and was under surveillance by local security services.
"The fight against terrorism knows no pause," Cazeneuve said, adding that 1,750 people have been identified to be in some way involved in jihadist networks to date.
He added that 650 individuals are part of 130 ongoing terror-related judicial proceedings, 60 people have been banned from leaving France, and 36 extremist websites have been shut down.
Anti-terror raids and security measures in France have tightened following a series of deadly terrorist attacks in and around Paris in early January.
