"They discussed recent efforts to relaunch peace talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban," the release stated.
US Secretary of State John Kerry also joined the meeting, according to the White House.
Biden offered condolences for Wednesday terrorist attacks in Pakistan and Afghanistan that resulted in civilian casualties. He also reaffirmed US support to both countries, calling them "important pillars of regional stability."
"The Vice President encouraged both leaders to remain committed to a credible peace process reinforced by tangible steps to reduce violence, eliminate militant safe havens, and promote bilateral cooperation," the White House said.
Formed in the 1990s, the Taliban seeks to enforce Sharia law in Afghanistan and neighboring Pakistan. The group is known for numerous terrorist attacks against authorities and civilians in both countries.
The Taliban particularly boosted its operations in Afghanistan after NATO ended its military mission in late 2014 and launched a non-combat operation instead.
