Russia's charm offensive launched by President Vladimir Putin in the Gulf back in 2012 has borne fruit, according to Samuel Ramani, a DPhil candidate in International Relations at St. Antony's College, University of Oxford.
"Through stronger investment linkages and diplomatic overtures, Russia has attempted to carve out a more prominent geopolitical role in the Persian Gulf… Stronger relations between Moscow and Saudi Arabia's closest allies have caused some GCC [the Gulf Cooperation Council] countries to be more receptive to Russia's calls for a political solution in Syria. Saudi Arabia's fear of being isolated from the Arab world's consensus could cause Riyadh to eventually soften its belligerent anti-Assad approach and diplomatically reengage with Russia," Ramani writes in his article for The National Interest.
Ramani calls attention to the fact that despite obvious disagreements over Syria, Russia has bolstered economic ties with Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Oman and Kuwait "to counter Saudi Arabia's hegemony in the Persian Gulf."
Initially, Riyadh regarded Russia's charm offensive as motivated by Moscow's economic interests, Ramani notes, citing Mark N. Katz of George Mason University. Russia's efforts to engage GCC countries on achieving a political resolution on Syria have caught Saudi Arabia by surprise.
Moscow has created a coalition together with Oman, Kuwait and the UAE to counter the Saudi-Qatari bloc, the British scholar explains.
Furthermore, given Russia's "strengthening of ties" with Algeria, Iraq and Egypt, Moscow stands a good chance of swinging the balance in its favor during the peace talks on Syria.
"Should [Vladimir Putin] succeed, Saudi Arabia and Qatar could risk regional isolation if they do not moderate their intransigent opposition to Assad," Ramani underscores.
Arguing with US analysts Jonathan Schanzer and Boris Zilberman, Ramani assumes that Russo-Saudi relations would rather transition into a "cold peace," not hostility.
At the same time, in light of Ankara's change of heart toward Moscow it is unlikely that Saudi Arabia would risk its relations with Turkey to strike back at Russia.
Meanwhile, signs continue to emerge showing Riyadh's apparent intent to improve Saudi-Russian relations.
On Sunday Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir stressed that "the differences of opinion with Russia regarding the Syrian crisis do not impact the level of cooperation."
"Both sides are carrying on coordinating and consulting on the matter in order to converge approaches to the problem," al-Jubeir said, as quoted by the Al Riyadh newspaper.
Citing al-Jubeir the monarchy's daily Saudi Gazette wrote Monday that the Gulf kingdom is interested in building "best relations" with Russia.
"He [Adel al-Jubeir] said that a number of agreements have been signed between the two sides, including cooperation in the field of oil and energy and enhancement of joint investments in addition to constructive cooperation in the field of combating terrorism, noting the efforts being exerted to achieve the Kingdom's Vision 2030," the media outlet underscored.
However, "this is definitely not what Moscow wants to hear from Riyadh," Katz stresses in his opinion piece for Lobelog.com.
Al-Jubeir's latest statement that Riyadh still wants to improve Russo-Saudi relations may indicate the Gulf kingdom's intention either to give its Western allies the shivers, or to create differences between Moscow and Tehran, the scholar suggests.
However, according to Ramani, Riyadh's "hostility" toward Russia is overstated. In reality, "Riyadh's overarching agenda is to reduce its security dependence on the United States and maintain Saudi Arabia's position as the Arab world's most influential country."
"Therefore, Saudi Arabia is likely to respond favorably to Russian diplomatic overtures if Putin can build a broad-based Arab coalition around a political solution to the Syrian crisis that includes Assad," the British scholar emphasizes.
