All 28 people, including 12 children, were detained on a passenger train traveling from Warsaw to Vienna, the official said.
The Chechens have been legally living in Poland after they requested refugee status in the country which the authorities were considering.
However, they were not permitted to cross the country's borders even after Poland became a member of the Schengen visa zone on December 21.
The official explained that the Russians had the right to move freely around Poland while their applications were being considered, but that they were prohibited from leaving the country.
Last night border guard officials detained 23 Chechens in an international bus traveling from Warsaw to Paris.
On Monday, local officials arrested 59 Chechens as they attempted to illegally cross the Polish border with Germany, forcing 35 people to leave the train, while their German counterparts detained the rest and returned them to Poland.
The Schengen zone now covers much of the European Union, as well as non-EU members Norway and Iceland. The United Kingdom and Ireland have opted out of the agreement, and new EU members Romania and Bulgaria have yet to meet security requirements to join the zone. Cyprus and possibly Switzerland will open their borders to Schengen members next year.
The newly-expanded region for passport-free travel stretches over 24 countries, home to a total of 400 million people, more than the population of the United States. The freeing of borders applies to land and sea only, but as of March 2008 will be extended to airports.
